Self Help

Functional Lab Ranges

Functional lab ranges are different from standard pathological reference ranges — they flag imbalances earlier, before a value falls into “disease” territory. Functional Lab Ranges are not diagnostic of a disease or condition, but are extremely useful for a functional healthcare practitioner in helping people rebuild their health.

The table below covers the metabolic & chemistry panel, lipid panel, thyroid panel, complete blood count, and inflammatory markers — 49 markers in total. “If High” and “If Low” describe what an out-of-functional-range result on either side can point to.

Metabolic & Chemistry Panel

Test NameFunctional RangeIf HighIf Low
Glucose85–100 mg/dLDiabetes, low thiamineHypoglycemia
Uric AcidM: 3.7–6.0 mg/dL
F: 3.2–5.5 mg/dL
Gout, arteriosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritisLow B12, low molybdenum
BUN13–18 mg/dLRenal problems, dehydration, hypochlorhydriaPregnancy, low protein
Creatinine0.7–1.1 mg/dLDehydration, renal problems, prostate enlargementPregnancy, bone growth
Sodium135–140 mmol/LRenal problems, water softeners, dehydrationLow adrenal, low-salt diet
Potassium4.0–4.5 mmol/LLow adrenal, dehydration, low renal functionTissue destruction
Chloride100–106 mmol/LProlonged stress response, excess salt, renal dysfunction, ASA useLow adrenal, low renal function, B12 deficiency
Carbon Dioxide25–30 mmol/LAlkalosisAcidosis
Anion Gap7–12 mmol/LLow thiamine, metabolic acidosis
Calcium9.2–10.1 mg/dLHigh thyroid/parathyroid, excess vitamin D usePregnancy, osteoporosis, low thyroid/parathyroid
Phosphorus3.5–4.0 mg/dLBone fracture, childhood bone growth, renal dysfunctionHypochlorhydria, low protein, low amino acids
Magnesium2.0–2.5 mg/dLLow adrenal, renal dysfunction, low thyroidSupplement use
Total Protein6.9–7.4 G/dLNeed HCl, amino acids, protein
Albumin4.0–5.0 G/dLDehydrationDehydration, need vitamin C, liver or bile problem
Globulin2.4–2.8 G/dLHypochlorhydriaLiver disease, hypochlorhydria, digoxin, inflammation
A/G Ratio1.5–2.0 Units
Total Bilirubin0.2–1.2 mg/dLLiver/spleen dysfunction
Alk. Phosphatase70–90 U/LBone growth, liver dysfunction, gastric inflammationNeed zinc, vitamin C
LDH140–180 U/LLiver problems, cardiac stressReactive hypoglycemia
AST (SGOT)10–26 U/LIncreased cardiac stress, muscle damage, liver problemLow B6 levels
ALT (SGPT)10–26 U/LLiver dysfunctionLow B6 levels
GGTP10–26 U/LAlcoholism, bile obstruction, gallbladder stressLow B6 levels
Serum Iron85–130 mcg/dLHemochromatosis, exogenous iron, liver problemsIron deficiency, internal or external bleeding

Lipid Panel

Test NameFunctional RangeIf HighIf Low
Cholesterol150–200 mg/dLDiabetes, low thiamineToo many carbs, alcoholism
Triglycerides75–100 mg/dLDysinsulinemia, hyperlipidsVegetarian diets, autoimmune, free-radical pathology
HDL CholesterolMore than 55 mg/dLAutoimmune conditionsObesity, increased carbs, lack of exercise, trans fats, hydrogenated oils
LDL CholesterolLess than 120 mg/dLAs with cholesterol/triglyceridesAs with cholesterol/triglycerides
Chol/HDL RatioLess than 3.1

Thyroid Panel

Test NameFunctional RangeIf HighIf Low
TSH1.3–3.0 uIU/mlHypothyroidHyperthyroid (if less than 0.5)
T3, Free2.3–4.2 pg/mlHyperthyroidHypothyroid
T4, Free0.61–1.76 ng/dLHyperthyroidHypothyroid
T3 Uptake28–38 mg/dLHyperthyroid, increased testosteroneHypothyroidism
FTI6–11 Index UnitsHyperthyroidismHypothyroid, low selenium

Complete Blood Count (CBC)

Test NameFunctional RangeIf HighIf Low
WBC5.0–8.0Active, stressed/compromised immune systemChronic, stressed/compromised immune system
RBCF: 3.9–4.4
M: 4.2–4.9
Polycythemia, altitude sickness, emphysemaIron deficiency, menses
HemoglobinF: 13.5–14.5
M: 14–15
Altitude, hemochromatosisMenses or iron-deficiency anemia
HematocritF: 37–44
M: 40–48
Altitude, hemochromatosisMenses or iron-deficiency anemia
MCV85–92 cu micronsB12/folate anemiaIron deficiency, low B6
MCH27–32 cu micronsB12/folate anemiaLow B12/folic acid
MCHC32–35%B12/folate anemiaLow B12/folic acid
RDWLess than 13B12/folate anemia
Platelets150,000–450,000Polycythemia, free-radical pathwaysLeukemia, immune dysfunction
Neutrophils40–60%Immune compromiseStressed immune system
Lymphocytes25–40%Stressed immune systemLow immune, free-radical pathways
MonocytesLess than 7%Inflammation, infection, parasites, BPH
EosinophilsLess than 3%Parasites, allergy
Basophils0–1%Parasites, inflammation

Inflammatory Markers

Test NameFunctional RangeIf HighIf Low
CRP0.00–4.90 mg/dLIncreased risk of CVD, inflammation
Homocysteine0.00–7.00 mg/dLInflammation, methylation problems, MTHFR genetic SNP variations
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